Question:
Assalaamu
Alaikum
If
you permit I would like to ask about the one who commits the act of Ribaa
(usury) and if he will be in the fires of Hell forever? It relates to the
Tafseer of Aayah 275 as found in the book At-Tayseer Fee Usool At-Tafseer.
Thank you Brother.
From
Adi Victoria from the Indonesian town of Samarinda.
Answer:
Wa
Alaikumu Assalaam Wa Rahmatullahi wa Barakaatuhu
There
are two kinds of people who deal with Ribaa (usury):
First: The kind who
believes that Ribaa is Haram and despite this still deals with Ribaa. So this
is someone who commits a major sin. He receives a punishment in this life from
the Khilafah state and if he is not punished with the Shari'ah punishment in
this life then he will have the punishment of the Hereafter and so he will
enter the fire but not forever as long as he did not make the Ribaa as halal.
So this is the case where he believes that Ribaa is Haraam but still
perpetrated that act of disobedience (Ma'siyah). And the one who is 'Aasiy
(disobedient) and dies upon Islam then he will not abide in the fire forever
due to the saying of the Messenger (saw) in a Hadeeth that is Muttafaq Alaihi
(agreed upon) related by Anas Bin Maalik who said that the Prophet (saw) said:
"The one who says: Laa Ilaahah Illallah will be taken out of the fire..."
So
this means that he will not abide in it forever.
Second:
The one who makes Ribaa Halaal i.e. he states that Ribaa is Halaal and then
dies upon this. This kind is a Kaffir (disbeliever) because he has denied that
which must be known from the Deen by necessity. Ribaa is Haram in the Quran
Al-Kareem by Qat'iyah (definite) Ayat, Qat'iyah Ath-Thuboot (definite in
transmission) and Qat'yah Ad-Dalaalah (definite in meaning). So whoever makes
Ribaa Halal and dies upon that then he is a disbeliever and this kind will
abide in the fire forever. So this is the case of the one who used to deal with
Ribaa and deny that Ribaa was Haram. He therefore dies upon disbelief and will
stay in the fire (Hell) forever.
The
evidence for this is the speech of Allah (swt) in Ayah 275 of Surah Al-Baqarah:
"Those who eat Ribaa (usury) will not stand (on the Day of
Resurrection) except like the standing of a person beaten by Shaitaan (Satan)
leading Him to insanity. That is because they say: "Trading is only like
Ribaa (usury)," whereas Allah has made trading Halaal and made Ribaa
(usury) Haraam. So whosoever receives an admonition from his Lord and stops
eating Ribaa (usury) shall not be punished for the past; his case is for Allah
(to judge); but whoever returns [to Ribaa (usury)], such are the dwellers of
the Fire - they will abide therein forever."
So
the last part of the Ayah came commenting upon those:
'They say: Trading is only like Ribaa'.
This
means that they made Ribaa Halal like trade and they disbelieved in the speech
of Allah of Allah (swt):
'And Allah has made trading Halaal and made Ribaa Haraam'.
So
those whom it reaches that Ribaa is Haram and not Halal and then they believe
in this, make Taubah (repentance) and leaving their dealings with Ribaa and
they find their capital sums sufficient then Allah (swt) will forgive them by
His Favour and Forbearance that which occurred in the past. If however they
insist upon Ribaa being Halal and continue to deal with it whilst denying and
rejecting the speech of Allah (swt):
"And Allah has made trading Halaal and made Ribaa Haraam"
and
then die upon that, then they will be from those who the speech of Allah
applies upon:
"Such are the dwellers of the Fire - they will abide therein
forever."
The
following is the summary of what is understood from the Shari’ah texts:
1.
That the one who perpetrates the act of
dealing with Ribaa whilst believing that it is Haram, then this person is 'Aasiy
(disobedient) and Faasiq (rebellious to Allah's Commands). If he dies upon
Islam then he will not abide in the Hell fire forever but rather he will be
punished in it for as long as Allah wishes and then is removed from the fire by
His Permission, Subhaanahu.
2.
The one who perpetrates the act of
dealing with Ribaa whilst denying that it is Haram meaning that he has made it
Halal for himself. If he then dies upon that then he would have died upon
disbelief (Kufr) and spend eternity in the fire.
Allah
has made us from amongst the truthful believers who make Haram that which Allah
has made Haram and make Halal that which Allah has made Halal. Those who abide
by the Ahkam Ash-Shari’ah as they have come, those whom Allah has honoured with
Islam in this life and as a result he grants them victory over their enemies
and honours them with Islam in the Hereafter by admitting them into His (swt)'s
Jannah and raising them amongst the Prophets, truthful, martyrs and righteous.
And how good a company these will be to be with.
Or,
See
this Link:
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